Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of metabolic disorders which when present increases the risk of cardiovascular disease. It arises from insulin resistance accompanying abnormal adipose deposition and function and is also a risk factor for diabetes, fatty liver, and several cancers. Metabolic syndrome occurs when a person has three or more of the following Abdominal […]
Health
Palpitations Causes and Treatment
Palpitations are defined as abnormal perception of the heartbeat and are described by patients as a disagreeable sensation of pulsation or movement in the chest and/or adjacent areas. Normally, the activity of the heart is not perceived by the individual in resting condition. During or immediately after intense physical activity or emotional stress, one may […]
Enteral Feeding Indications and Complications
Enteral tube feeding or enteral feeding refers to the delivery of a nutritionally complete feed (containing protein or amino acids, carbohydrate +/− fibre, fat, water, minerals and vitamins) directly into the gut via a tube. The tube is usually placed into the stomach, duodenum or jejunum via either the nose, mouth or the direct percutaneous […]
Parenteral Nutrition Indications and Complications
Parenteral nutrition is the feeding of a person through intravenous route by providing nutritional formulae that contain nutrients. Parenteral nutrition could be total or partial. Total parenteral nutrition or total nutrient admixture is when no significant nutrition is obtained by other routes [entral]. Partial parenteral nutrition is used when nutrition is also partially enteric. Depending […]
Malnutrition Causes and Treatment
Malnutrition refers to both undernutrition (subnutrition) and overnutrition. Undernutrition exists when the diet of an individual does not provide them with adequate calories and protein for maintenance and growth, or they cannot fully utilize the food they eat due to illness. Overnutrition is a type of malnutrition a person consumes excessive calories. Overnutrition leads to […]
Heart Disease Types and Symptoms
Heart disease is also called cardiopathy. Both of these are kind of umbrella term for a variety of different diseases affecting the heart. Heart diseases can be of following types Coronary Heart Disease It implies the failure of the circulation to cardiac muscle and surrounding tissue. Coronary heart disease is most commonly equated with Coronary […]
Spider Angioma or Spider Nevi
A spider angioma is a common vascular lesion, a type of telangiectasia (swollen blood vessels) beneath the skin surface. It is characterized by central red arteriole, or punctum, representing the body of the spider, surrounded by a radial pattern of thin-walled capillaries, resembling legs. Spider angioma is also known as a nevus araneus, spider nevus, […]
Examination Of Abdomen
In a patient with an abdominal disorder, the following points must be asked whilst taking the history and noted on examination. History History is of paramount importance in clinical examination. It enables you to narrow your examination to a region and also guides you about the likelihood of a particular disorder. Following points should be […]
What Are Sunscreens and What Is Their Use?
Sunscreens are the agents which protect the skin from sunlight. Two types of agents: (1) reflectors, and (2) absorbers, can act as sunscreens. Reflectors are substances which when present on the skin surface reflect the rays of light in other directions and thus prevent them from entering the skin. These are active against all wavelengths […]
Hypotension -Types and Causes
Hypotension is diminished or reduced blood pressure. It can be acute or chronic. Blood pressure is the force with which the blood pushes against the walls of the arteries as the heart pumps out blood. Acute Recumbent Hypotension A sudden fall in the blood pressure may be due to cardiovascular reasons such as acute myocardial […]