Heart disease is also called cardiopathy. Both of these are kind of umbrella term for a variety of different diseases affecting the heart. Heart diseases can be of following types: Coronary Heart Disease It implies the failure of the circulation to cardiac muscle and surrounding tissue. Coronary heart disease is most commonly equated with Coronary […]
Cardiovascular System
Sphygmomanometer and Blood Pressure Measurement
A sphygmomanometer is an instrument used for blood pressure measurement. A sphygmomanometer is also known as a blood pressure meter, blood pressure monitor, or blood pressure gauge. The device consists of an inflatable cuff, a measuring unit and a mechanism for inflation which may be a manually operated electrically operated. Measuring of blood pressure is important in diagnosing Hypertension, Hypotension, Pulsus paradoxus, pulsus […]
Jugular Venous Pulse or Jugular venous Pressure or JVP
The jugular venous pressure or sometimes referred to as jugular venous pulse (jvp) is the indirectly observed pressure via visualization of the internal jugular vein. Normal Jugular Venous Pulse The normal JVP consists of three positive pulse waves a, c and v and two negative pulse waves x and y. The ‘A’ Wave The ‘a’ […]
Low Blood Pressure or Hypotension- Types, Causes and Treatment
Hypotension is a medical term for low blood pressure especially in systemic circulation [arterial circulation that supplies different organs of the body. Because the blood pressure is lowered, heart, brain, and other parts of the body do not get enough blood. The normal blood pressures are in the range of 90/60 mmHg and 120/80 mmHg. […]
Hypertension or High Blood Pressure – Causes and Treatment
Hypertension or high blood pressure is a condition in which the arteries have persistently elevated blood pressure. Hypertension (high blood pressure) is when the pressure in your blood vessels is too high (140/90 mmHg or higher) Blood pressure is the force of blood pushing up against the blood vessel walls. Higher blood pressure means that […]
Cyanosis or Bluish Discoloration – Causes, Types, and Treatment
Cyanosis is a bluish discoloration of the nails, skin, and/or mucosa. The term is derived from the Greek word cyanos which means dark blue. It manifests due to the increased amount of reduced hemoglobin. Hemoglobin is involved in the transportation of oxygen from the lungs to the tissues. Thus high levels of deoxygenated hemoglobin within the […]