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Child Health

Breastfeeding – Benefits, Problems and Tips for Better Feeding

By Dr Surbhi Mahajan

breastfeeding

Breastfeeding or lactation is a natural and normal way of providing newborns and infants with all the nutrients they need. It is the purest, safest and most sustainable way to feed an infant. Since it offers so many benefits to both the mother and the child, it is recommended that babies should be exclusively breastfed […]

Filed Under: Child Health, Women's health

Omphalitis – Causes, Presentation and Treatment

By Dr Arun Pal Singh

Mild omphalitis

Omphalitis is an infection of the umbilicus and/or surrounding tissues, occurring primarily in the neonatal period. It is a true medical emergency that can rapidly progress to systemic infection and death. The estimated mortality is between 7% and 15%. Early recognition and treatment are essential to prevent the morbidity and mortality associated with omphalitis. Omphalitis […]

Filed Under: Infections, Child Health

Penilie Agenesis or Aphalia – Presentation and Treatment

By Dr Arun Pal Singh

Aphallia or penile agenesis

Penile agenesis or aphallia means an absence of formation of the penis. It is a rare condition occurring in 1 in 30 million births and results from a development failure of the genital tubercle during the fourth week of embryogenesis. The genital tubercle is the embryonic progenitor mesenchymal tissue forming penis in man and clitoris […]

Filed Under: Child Health

Acrodynia or Pink Disease Symptoms and Treatment

By Dr Arun Pal Singh

Swollen reddish hands with desquamation in acrodynia

Acrodynia is a condition that primarily affects young children and is characterized by pink discoloration of the hands and feet, irritability, photophobia (sensitivity to light) and polyneuritis (inflamed nerves). The symptoms are often caused by chronic mercury exposure. Acrodynia was common in the past when the use of mercury-containing preparations was common. It is rarely […]

Filed Under: Child Health

Umbilical Artery Catheter – Indications and Procedure

By Dr Arun Pal Singh

Umbilical artery catheter

Umbilical artery catheter insertion is a common procedure used in intensive care of neonates. It is considered the standard of care for arterial access in neonates. The umbilical artery can be used for arterial access during the first 5-7 days of life [rarely beyond 7-10 days.] It allows direct access to the arterial blood supply […]

Filed Under: Procedures, Child Health

NICE Guidelines for Fever in Children

By Dr Arun Pal Singh

child with fever, fever may cause rigors

In 2007 British journal of clinical practice published NICE guidelines on fever. It contains practical advice on fever care. Here is the set of guidelines Use of Antipyretic Agents These guidelines recommend agains use of antipyretic agents  routinely with the sole aim of reducing body temperature in children with fever who are otherwise well. So […]

Filed Under: Child Health

Hemolytic Disease of Newborn

By Dr Arun Pal Singh

Hemolytic Disease of Newborn

Hemolytic disease of newborn an condition that develops in a fetus, when the maternal antibodies  pass through the placenta and attack antigens on the red blood cells in the fetal circulation, breaking down and destroying the cells. The condition of fetus could be from mild to very severe, and fetal death from heart failure (hydrops […]

Filed Under: Hematology, Child Health

Twin to Twin Transfusion Syndrome

By Dr Arun Pal Singh

twin-to-twin-transfusion-syndrome

Twin to twin transfusion syndrome is a condition in which intrauterine blood transfusion occurs from one twin to other,  resulting in anemic donor twin and plethoric recipient with hemoglobin differences greater than 5 g/dL. The donor twin is often smaller with a birth weight 20% less than the recipient’s birth weight. Twin to twin transfusion […]

Filed Under: Child Health

Hunter Syndrome – Features and Treatment

By Dr Arun Pal Singh

hunter syndrome image 2

What is Hunter  Syndrome? Hunter syndrome is a type of mucopolysaccharidosis. Hunter syndrome is also called mucopolysaccharidosis II (MPS II). It is a  lysosomal storage disease caused by a deficient (or absent) enzyme, iduronate-2-sulfatase. This deficiency results in accumulation of  heparan sulfate and dermatan sulfate. Disease Transmission It is a sex linked condition, therefore the male inherits the disease from […]

Filed Under: Child Health

Morquio Syndrome or Mucopolysaccharidosis IV

By Dr Arun Pal Singh

morquio syndrome image

What is Morquio Syndrome? Morquio syndrome is a familial variety of osseous dystrophy involving bones developed from cartilage that result in dwarfism, spine deformity and joint deformities with typical radiological changes in the vertebral bodies and limb bones but without the hepatosplenomegaly and mental deterioration seen in Hurler’s syndrome and without early corneal changes. Inheritance […]

Filed Under: Child Health

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Autologous  Blood Transfusion Indications and Types

Autologous transfusion means collection and reinfusion of the patient’s own red blood cells. This is in contrast to allogenic blood transfusion  … [Read More...] about Autologous  Blood Transfusion Indications and Types

Prothrombin Time

Prothrombin Time and International Normalized Ratio or PT/INR

Prothrombin time or PT test is a blood test that is used to measure the time it takes for blood to clot. The results of this test can be expressed in … [Read More...] about Prothrombin Time and International Normalized Ratio or PT/INR

diet for breastfeeding mother

Diet for Breastfeeding Mothers – What to Eat and What to Avoid?

Breastfeeding mothers spend extra calories. Though what a mother eats … [Read More...] about Diet for Breastfeeding Mothers – What to Eat and What to Avoid?

vagus nerve stimulation implant diagram

Vagus Nerve Stimulation- Indications and Risks

Vagus nerve stimulation is a medical procedure that delivers … [Read More...] about Vagus Nerve Stimulation- Indications and Risks

Myths and facts about breastfeeding

12 Breastfeeding Myths and Facts That Every Mother Should Know

A lot of information regarding breastfeeding is available on the … [Read More...] about 12 Breastfeeding Myths and Facts That Every Mother Should Know

vagus nerve anatomy

Vagus Nerve Anatomy, Course and Function

Vagus nerve is a cranial nerve [arises from brain] that contains both … [Read More...] about Vagus Nerve Anatomy, Course and Function

Breast pump

Breast Pump – Types, Working, Uses and Selection Tips

A breast pump is a mechanical device used by breastfeeding mothers to … [Read More...] about Breast Pump – Types, Working, Uses and Selection Tips

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