A central venous catheter is a catheter placed into a large vein in the neck like internal jugular vein, external jugular vein or chest (subclavian vein) or groin (femoral vein).
A central venous catheter is used to administer medication or fluids, to draw blood samples and to directly obtain cardiovascular measurements such as the central venous pressure.

Central Venous catheter In Internal Jugular Vein
The above photograph shows a central venous catheter on right side of the neck. It was inserted in subclavian vein.